Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies allocate their scarce resources. It analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, seeking to understand how economic agents make choices under conditions of scarcity. Economics can be divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the behavior of individual agents and markets; and macroeconomics, which examines the overall functioning and phenomena of economies on a larger scale, including inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. The discipline incorporates various theories and models to explain economic behavior and relationships, and it often relies on data and statistical methods to validate hypotheses and inform policy decisions.